Bilharzian Myelo-Radiculopathy in Neurological Unit in Dakar-Senegal

Introduction: Bilharzia is a major parasitic endemic, perpetuated by the habits of life of the tropical populations. He is responsible for digestive or urinary manifestations; Neurological complications are rare. Case presentations: We relate two cases of patients admitted in Fann teaching hospital during year 2016. They were 2 men respectively 25 years and 32 years old living in endemic bilharzia area and with a notion of repetitives bathings and haematuria in one case. They presented a subacute myeloradiculitis and a terminal cone syndrom. The findings revealed blood hypereosinophilia, positive bilharzian serology in blood and CSF and the presence of bilharzi’s eggs in urine. The medullar MRI was normal in the first case and was like a pseudo tumor located from T11 to L1. Both patients benefited a treatment with a single-dose (40 mg/kg) of praziquantel, 6 weeks of corticosteroid therapy and intensive kinesiotherapy. The evolution was very favorable. Discussion and Conclusion: Neurobilharzia was rare but grave because of the functional sequelae. The epidemiological context can be a major contribution to the diagnostic orientation because very earlier hypereosinophilia are just found in half of cases. Treatment, associate praziquantel and corticosteroid, avoids the occurrence of important sequelae or even a total cure.